Germline and reproductive tract effects intensify in male mice with successive generations of estrogenic exposure
نویسندگان
چکیده
The hypothesis that developmental estrogenic exposure induces a constellation of male reproductive tract abnormalities is supported by experimental and human evidence. Experimental data also suggest that some induced effects persist in descendants of exposed males. These multi- and transgenerational effects are assumed to result from epigenetic changes to the germline, but few studies have directly analyzed germ cells. Typically, studies of transgenerational effects have involved exposing one generation and monitoring effects in subsequent unexposed generations. This approach, however, has limited human relevance, since both the number and volume of estrogenic contaminants has increased steadily over time, intensifying rather than reducing or eliminating exposure. Using an outbred CD-1 mouse model, and a sensitive and quantitative marker of germline development, meiotic recombination, we tested the effect of successive generations of exposure on the testis. We targeted the germline during a narrow, perinatal window using oral exposure to the synthetic estrogen, ethinyl estradiol. A complex three generation exposure protocol allowed us to compare the effects of individual, paternal, and grandpaternal (ancestral) exposure. Our data indicate that multiple generations of exposure not only exacerbate germ cell exposure effects, but also increase the incidence and severity of reproductive tract abnormalities. Taken together, our data suggest that male sensitivity to environmental estrogens is increased by successive generations of exposure.
منابع مشابه
Correction: Germline and reproductive tract effects intensify in male mice with successive generations of estrogenic exposure
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006885.].
متن کاملOxidative stress and cytotoxic potential of anticholinesterase insecticide, malathion in reproductive toxicology of male adolescent mice after acute exposure
Objective(s):The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of acute exposure to malathion on oxidative stress and cytotoxic potential of anticholinesterase insecticide, malathion in reproductive toxicology of adolescent male mice. Materials and Methods: Thirty two adolescent male mice at pubertal age were treated with 500 mg/kg body weight (BW) of malathion for three days. After ex...
متن کاملBaicalein, a flavonoid causes prolonged estrus and suppressed fertility output upon prenatal exposure in female mice
Objective(s): Baicalein (BC), a phytoestrogen of the flavonoid family shows beneficiary and adverse effects. Effect of BC on reproduction is still not understood. Reproductive toxic effects on female mice were tested in this study.Materials and Methods: Inseminated Wistar mice were divided into four groups and administered IP with 30, 60, and 90 mg/Kg body weight of BC on gestation daydays 11, ...
متن کاملFoeniculum vulgare (Fennel) Effects on Puberty Timing, Reproductive Function and Behaviour in Adult Female Mice Following Neonatal Exposure
Background & Objective: Fennel, as an edible plant, and due to its estrogenic compounds, has widely been used as a therapeutic agent for centuries. In this study, the effects of neonatal exposure to fennel alcoholic extract (FAE), on the onset of puberty, estrus cycle, ovaries, and lordosis were investigated. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, 48 female BALB/c pups were divid...
متن کاملPCBs Exert an Estrogenic Effect through Repression of the Wnt7a Signaling Pathway in the Female Reproductive Tract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been proposed to have a weak estrogenic activity and therefore pose a risk as potential environmental endocrine disruptors to the perinatal development of the female reproductive tract. Perinatal exposure to high concentrations of the potent synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) induces abnormal development of the female reproductive tract via a mecha...
متن کامل